SPOT PRINCIPLE
Depth plus position equals more calls: every suited connector and gapper wants a flop against the small blind's wide, out-of-position range.
Calling ranges widen before 3-betting ranges do – set-mining and suited-connector calls gain value faster than thin 3-bets.
Blind versus blind, and you have position for once. The small blind's raise is wide; your defense should make wide expensive.
Assumes a ~4bb open; 3-bet to ~3x the open in position, ~4x from the blinds – larger as stacks deepen.
Baseline assumptions: 9-handed · no ante · no straddle · 4bb opens · low-rake live structure · cold-calling allowed. Charts reduce low-frequency mixes to a single default action; adjust live for opponents and rake. Baseline v1 · updated 2026-08.